The Nagoya-Kuala Lumpur Supplementary Protocol on Liability and Redress to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, which was adopted at an international conference on biodiversity held in the central Japanese city of Nagoya in 2010, takes effect 90 days after 40 signatories ratify it. Forty-six countries and regions have so far signed the pact, which has been open for signature at the U.N. headquarters in New York over a period of one year since March last year, and two of them have ratified it. Japan will sign the pact later in the day, and prepare for ratifying it, the officials said.